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This paper presents Pesto, a high-performance Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) database that offers full SQL compatibility. Pesto intentionally forgoes the use of State Machine Replication (SMR); SMR-based designs offer poor performance due to the several round trips required to order transactions. Pesto, instead, allows for replicas to remain inconsistent, and only synchronizes on demand to ensure that the database remain serializable in the presence of concurrent transactions and malicious actors. On TPC-C, Pesto matches the throughput of Peloton and Postgres, two unreplicated SQL database systems, while increasing throughput by 2.3x compared to classic SMR-based BFT-architectures, and reducing latency by 2.7x to 3.9x. Pesto's leaderless design minimizes the impact of replica failures and ensures robust performance.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available October 12, 2026
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This paper presents Pesto, a high-performance Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) database that offers full SQL compatibility. Pesto intentionally forgoes the use of State Machine Replication (SMR); SMR-based designs offer poor performance due to the several round trips required to order transactions. Pesto, instead, allows for replicas to remain inconsistent, and only synchronizes on demand to ensure that the database remain serializable in the presence of concurrent transactions and malicious actors. On TPC-C, Pesto matches the throughput of Peloton and Postgres, two unreplicated SQL database systems, while increasing throughput by 2.3x compared to classic SMR-based BFT-architectures, and reducing latency by 2.7x to 3.9x. Pesto's leaderless design minimizes the impact of replica failures and ensures robust performance.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available October 12, 2026
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Modern distributed systems involve a diverse set of participants—ranging from cloud providers to jurisdictions, organizations, and individuals—who need to share data without necessarily trusting one another. These systems must ensure data availability and integrity, even when parties have disjoint, selfish, or adversarial interests. Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) protocols provide strong guarantees in such settings and, for example, underpin much of today’s blockchain infrastructure. However, existing BFT solutions often fall short, delivering poor performance and rigid, restrictive interfaces.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available July 31, 2026
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